Non-Toxic Home-Building: A 3-Pronged Approach to Healthy Indoor Air

Let's face it, we spend a whopping 90% of our time indoors. That means the quality of the air we breathe inside our homes has a tremendous impact on our health and well-being. At JD Rock Construction, we're passionate about building custom homes that prioritize not just aesthetics, but also a healthy living environment for the whole family.

One crucial factor in achieving this is indoor air quality (IAQ). Indoor air can become polluted by various contaminants, impacting everything from respiratory health to sleep quality and even cognitive function. But fear not! Here's a breakdown of a three-pronged approach to improve your indoor air quality and breathe easy in your non-toxic, healthy home:

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Healthy Indoor Air Prong #1: Source Control - Nip It in the Bud

Think of this as the foundation for a healthy home. The key is to minimize the sources of indoor air pollution in the first place. Here's where choosing non-toxic building materials becomes crucial.

Chemicals of Concern:

• Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs): These are organic chemicals that easily evaporate at room temperature. They're found in paints, adhesives, sealants, carpeting, furniture, and cleaning products. Common VOCs include formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, and xylene.

• Formaldehyde: This gas is a known carcinogen and can irritate the eyes, nose, and throat. It's found in pressed wood products like plywood, MDF (medium-density fiberboard), and some laminates. Flooring, walls, cabinets, furniture, etc. can all contain formaldehyde.

• Flame Retardants: Added to furniture and building materials to slow the spread of fire, some flame retardants have been linked to endocrine disruption and developmental problems.

Common Sources of Toxic Contaminants:

• Building materials: As mentioned earlier, conventional building materials like plywood, MDF, carpets, paints, adhesives, and sealants often off-gas VOCs.

• Cleaning products: Many conventional cleaning products are loaded with harsh chemicals that contribute to indoor air pollution.

• Personal care products: Fragrances and other chemicals in deodorants, air fresheners, scented candles, and more can release VOCs into the air.

• Mold and mildew: Growth of mold and mildew can release allergens and irritants into the air.

  • Check out this blog post on mold prevention!

Non-Toxic Swaps for a Healthier Home:

The good news? You have options! The body of research and demand are growing, and more and more healthy alternatives are hitting the market. Here are some non-toxic swaps to consider during your custom build or remodel:

• Building materials: Opt for solid wood when possible, certified low-VOC or VOC-free materials, bamboo flooring, cork flooring, natural stone countertops, and cork or rock wool insulation.

• Some helpful product certifications to look for: GreenGuard Gold Certification, Cradle to Cradle Certified™, and the FloorScore Certification.

• Check out this blog post on non-toxic insulation and this blog post on plywood!

• Paints and finishes: Choose paints and finishes with low-VOC or zero-VOC formulations. There are also mineral-based and plant-based paint options available. Sherwin Williams and Benjamin Moore have zero VOC paint options. ECOS, AFM Safecoat, and Clare are healthier options for the more chemically sensitive.

• Adhesives and sealants: Look for low-VOC or water-based adhesives and sealants. Once again, AFM Safecoat and ECOS have some good options to consider.

• Check out this blog post on non-toxic glues!

• Cleaning products: Ditch the harsh chemicals and switch to natural cleaning products made with vinegar, baking soda, hydrogen peroxide, Castille soap, and essential oils.

Bonus Tip: Download our FREE guide "10 Non-Toxic Swaps For Your Custom Home Build or Remodel"! It's packed with practical tips to help you create a healthier home environment for your family.

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Healthy Indoor Air Prong #2: Ventilation - Let the Fresh Air In!

This is the simplest and most affordable way to improve your indoor air quality. Open those windows and doors and let the fresh air circulate. It dilutes indoor pollutants and brings in oxygen, your body's best friend.

Pro Tip: Before throwing open the windows, check your local air quality with a free app like AirNow. You don't want to be exchanging fresh air for polluted outdoor air! This is especially pertinent if you live in a densely populated area.

When building from the ground up, we recommend an energy recovery ventilator (ERV). These systems work by continuously exchanging indoor and outdoor air while regulating temperature and humidity for overall energy conservation.

Healthy Indoor Air Prong #3: Filtration - The Extra Layer of Protection

Ideally, by controlling the source of contaminants and ventilating regularly, you'll minimize the need for air filtration. However, let's be real, we can't control everything. So, air filters can provide an additional layer of protection.

Air Purifiers:

While air purifiers can be quite effective, they can also get pricey. Consider them when source control and ventilation alone aren't enough. Look for air purifiers with HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) filters to capture dust, pollen, and other allergens and a carbon filter for VOC capture. A fantastic and semi-affordable option to consider is Air Doctor.

HVAC Filters:

A more affordable option is to upgrade your HVAC system's air filter. The American Lung Association recommends a MERV (Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value) rating of 13 or higher for capturing smaller particles. However, keep in mind that older HVAC systems might struggle with the increased resistance of a higher-MERV filter. It's always best to consult with an HVAC professional to ensure your system can handle a higher-rated filter without compromising airflow or efficiency.

Here are some additional things to consider when choosing an HVAC filter:

• Filter Size: Make sure the filter you choose is the correct size for your HVAC system.

• Replacement Schedule: Change your air filter regularly, typically every 1-3 months depending on the filter type and your environment. When remodeling, you need to replace more frequently as there are more contaminants to filter from construction.

• Filter Pleats: Opt for pleated filters as they offer more surface area for capturing dust and allergens compared to flat filters. The 3M Filtrete 1900 is a high MERV filter with many positive reviews stating the pleats helped their HVAC system tolerate the increased MERV rating.

• Thickness: A filter with a higher MERV is often better tolerated when 4-5 inches in thickness as opposed to 1 inch.

More Tips For Healthy Indoor Air

Now that you're armed with this three-pronged approach, let's explore some additional steps you can take to improve your indoor air quality:

• Invest in Houseplants: Certain houseplants act as natural air purifiers by absorbing VOCs and other pollutants. Snake plants, spider plants, and peace lilies are all excellent choices.

• Reduce Humidity: Mold and mildew thrive in damp environments. Maintain a healthy humidity level between 30% and 50% with a dehumidifier if necessary. An ERV will also help regulate humidity.

• Minimize Dust Collectors: Clutter and textiles harbor dust and allergens. Opt for minimal hard surfaces and choose washable rugs and furniture fabrics.

• Regular Vacuuming: Vacuum carpets and rugs regularly with a HEPA filter vacuum to trap dust and allergens.

• Take Off Your Shoes at the Door: Shoes can track in MANY pollutants from the outdoor world. Encourage a "no shoes inside" policy to reduce dirt and allergens.

• Let New Furniture Air Out: New furniture can off-gas VOCs. Allow new furniture to air out in a well-ventilated space for several days before bringing it indoors.

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Building a Non-Toxic Home With JD Rock Construction

At JD Rock Construction, we understand that a healthy home is crucial for a healthy family. We're committed to using non-toxic building materials whenever possible and employing strategies for optimal indoor air quality. Here's how we can help you achieve your family’s non-toxic dream home:

• Non-Toxic Material Expertise: Our team is certified in healthy building materials and can guide you in selecting non-toxic options for your project.

• Transparency and Communication: We believe in open communication. We'll discuss the potential sources of indoor air pollution, mitigation strategies, and provide continuous updates throughout construction.

Building a non-toxic, healthy home is an investment in your family’s health and well-being. By taking control of indoor air quality, you can create a healthier and more supportive environment for ALL for many years to come.

Contact JD Rock Construction today to discuss your vision and how we can help you protect your family with a healthy home!

Remember, small steps can lead to big improvements. Analysis paralysis and anxiety are not helpful on the journey toward healthy living. Start implementing some of these tips today and take a step towards a healthier home environment!

Bonus Tip: Share this blog post with your friends and family! Let's all work together to create healthier homes for healthier families.

Non-Toxic Home-Building: Plywood Edition

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Welcome back to our continued series on non-toxic home-building! This week we are focusing on a longtime staple in the realm of construction materials: plywood. In the quest for a non-toxic home, it's essential to delve into the world of plywood, considering its uses, the prevalence of OSB (Oriented Strand Board), the potential dangers of off-gassing, and how to make choices that align with your health-conscious goals.

Uses of Plywood in Home Construction

Plywood is a versatile material, often employed in sheathing, flooring, and roofing. Its layers of thin wood veneers glued together create a robust and durable panel, providing structural integrity to various elements of your home.

OSB vs. Plywood: A Shift in Preference for a Non-Toxic Home

In recent years, Oriented Strand Board (OSB) has gained popularity as a substitute for plywood. However, it's crucial to acknowledge that OSB might not be the healthiest choice due to concerns related to off-gassing and toxicity.

Dangers of OSB and the Importance of Structurally Approved Plywood

OSB, while structurally sound, can pose risks in terms of off-gassing. Off-gassing is the release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and in the case of OSB, formaldehyde is a key player. To ensure a healthier living space, opting for structurally approved plywood for sheathing becomes paramount.

Why emphasize structurally approved? Soy-based glues and bamboo forms of plywood are growing in popularity as the more health and environmentally-conscious options. However, these types are not structurally approved for sheathing, decking, flooring, etc. They are best used for furniture and cabinets. Make sure to use plywood approved for external and structural use for a long-lasting, durable home.

Understanding Urea Formaldehyde vs. Phenol Formaldehyde

Plywood and OSB contain adhesives, and understanding the types of adhesives used is crucial. Urea formaldehyde, a common adhesive, can release formaldehyde over time. In contrast, phenol formaldehyde is a safer alternative, known for lower emissions.

Recommended Brands of Non-Toxic Plywood

Selecting the right plywood involves considering not just the material but also the brand. Some reputable brands prioritize non-toxicity and sustainability. Researching and choosing wisely can align your construction with your commitment to a healthier home.

Both Weyerhaeuser and Roseburg manufacture plywood with phenol formaldehyde which can be purchased locally from lumber yards.

Warm and Humid Climates: A Challenge for Plywood Off-Gassing

Warm and humid climates can accelerate formaldehyde off-gassing from plywood. This is particularly relevant in our South Texas climate. The combination of higher temperatures and humidity levels facilitates chemical reactions, leading to the breakdown of formaldehyde molecules and their release into the air. In such conditions, the wood fibers in the plywood may swell, creating spaces for formaldehyde to escape more easily.

Tips to Minimize Off-Gassing in Warm and Humid Climates:

Ventilation: Ensure proper ventilation by opening windows and doors to allow fresh air circulation.

Acclimation: Allow plywood to acclimate to the climate before use by storing it in the installation environment for several weeks.

Sealing: Apply a sealant or paint to the plywood to create a barrier, preventing formaldehyde from evaporating into the air. (Make sure the sealant is low-VOC!)

By incorporating these tips into your construction plans, you're taking proactive steps to reduce off-gassing, creating a healthier indoor environment for you and your family. Every choice in construction contributes to the overall well-being of your home.

If you walk away with nothing else from this blog, remember this- use plywood made with phenol-formaldehyde and VENTILATE.

P.S. Looking for more non-toxic home-building materials? Check out this blog post on glues and adhesives and download “10 Non-Toxic Swaps For Your Custom Home”!

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Non-Toxic Home-Building: Mold Prevention Strategies

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Wanting to build a non-toxic home that doesn’t compromise the health of your loved ones?

Here is one crucial truth: A home with all of the “healthiest” materials is meaningless if infested with mold.

Mold prevention might not be the sexiest topic, but trust us, it's the unsung hero in ensuring a safe and wholesome living space. The non-toxic home conversation is hollow without a discussion of mold prevention.

The good news is that building a new home with superior construction techniques focused on weather and moisture sealing is your best strategy for preventing mold from ever becoming a threat.

Side note: if you want to dive even deeper into non-toxic home building, download “10 Non-Toxic Swaps For Your Custom Home”!

Mold Prevention Construction Strategies

1.Air Sealing with House Wrap

Air sealing with house wrap is an essential step in preventing mold growth. House wrap is a moisture-resistant barrier that is applied to the exterior walls of a home. It helps to prevent moisture from entering the walls, which can create a breeding ground for mold.

When choosing house wrap, look for a product that is specifically designed for air sealing. It should be water-resistant, vapor-permeable, and durable. Proper installation is critical to ensure that the house wrap is effective. It should be applied tightly and sealed at all seams and openings.

Exterior brand: https://475.supply/products/solitex-mento-1000

Interior brand: https://475.supply/products/intello-plus

2. Window Flashing

Properly installed waterproof flashing is essential in keeping mold at bay. Flashing is a material that is installed around windows to prevent water from entering the walls. It should consist of a waterproof material, such as metal or rubber.

When installing window flashing, make sure that it extends at least four inches beyond the window frame on all sides. It should also be sloped away from the window to direct water away from the walls.

3. Sealing Openings

Sometimes, the tiniest gaps can cause the biggest troubles. All openings in a home, such as vents, pipes, and electrical outlets, should be properly sealed to prevent moisture from entering and creating an ideal environment for mold growth. Use caulk or sealant to seal around these openings and ensure the seal is tight and durable.

A low-odor caulk: https://www.amazon.com/GE-GE284-Silicone-Kitchen-Squeeze/dp/B000PSE46S/ref=sr_1_4?crid=X8JLJ95XL62O&keywords=ge%2Bsilicone%2B2&qid=1699391197&s=industrial&sprefix=GE%2B2%2B%2Cindustrial%2C179&sr=1-4&th=1

A helpful blog on non-toxic caulks and adhesives: https://www.mychemicalfreehouse.net/2021/07/chemical-free-glues-and-silicone-caulk.html

4. Cement Backing for Wet Walls

In areas where moisture is more prevalent, such as bathrooms and kitchens, cement backing should be used on the walls before installing tiles or other wall coverings. Cement backing provides a waterproof barrier that prevents moisture from penetrating the walls and reaching the studs- talk about a big bummer.

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Additional Tips for Mold Prevention

VENTILATE! Ventilation is the lifeline of your home in more ways than one. Keep the air circulating to prevent any moisture buildup that entices mold to hang around. This is yet another reason to invest in an ERV (energy recovery ventilator) for your home. Read our previous blog post on air purification for more details regarding this amazing system.

Any leaks? Don't delay—act FAST to preserve the integrity of your home.

Maintain humidity levels below 60% to create an environment inhospitable to mold growth, preserving the sanctity of your living space. (An ERV can assist with maintaining consistent moisture levels in your home.)

Following any water exposure, leave no surface unchecked. Thoroughly clean and dry to eliminate any chance of mold taking root.

By integrating these mold prevention strategies during construction, you're not just building a structure—you're establishing a truly healthy home free from toxins and the potential health risks associated with mold. Let's come together and craft a home that supports you and your loved ones by protecting your health for the long haul.

To dive deeper into this subject, check out this helpful blog post: https://www.mychemicalfreehouse.net/2020/01/designed-for-mold-prevention-corbetts-tiny-house.html

P.S. Looking for more non-toxic home-building materials? Download “10 Non-Toxic Swaps For Your Custom Home”!

Non-Toxic Home Building: Insulation for Healthy Homes

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Today we are diving DEEP into non-toxic insulation for your healthy home-build. To briefly summarize:

• Spray foam is considered the most effective for air sealing and resisting heat flow in the short term, but is saturated with chemicals/toxins and loses its integrity over time.

• Fiberglass is the cheapest insulation option but has an average performance quality and often contains formaldehyde and fire retardants

• Cellulose is another less expensive option that also contains few chemicals, however, it has a similarly average performance quality

• Mineral and spray wool are considered the most non-toxic, have superior sound-proofing, the spray or blown-in option is highly effective for air sealing, and cost less than spray foam.

• If building a non-toxic home is your goal, download “10 Non-Toxic Swaps For Your Custom Home”!

Read on for all of the details so you can make the best insulation choice for your non-toxic home.

The Concern for Toxins in Insulation

Insulation is one of the most important factors in keeping your home comfortable and the energy bill low. It helps to keep your home cool in the summer, warm in the winter, and can also help to reduce noise levels.

However, traditional insulation has been laden with chemicals in the form of formaldehyde and fire retardants. So how do you make the healthiest decision for your family and your home?

Today we are going to share an overview of the primary forms of insulation along with their respective advantages and disadvantages. At the end of the day, you will have to choose the insulation that supports your health, climate, AND budget.

Home Insulation Terminology

But first, let’s review some basic terminology:

• R-value: The R-value of an insulation material measures its resistance to heat flow. The higher the R-value, the more effective the insulation.

• Fire resistance: The fire resistance of an insulation material measures how well it can withstand fire. Insulation materials with a high fire resistance rating can help slow the spread of fire and protect your home in the event of a fire.

• Air sealing: Air sealing measures how well an insulation material can prevent air leaks. Air leaks can reduce the effectiveness of your insulation and increase your energy bills.

• Soundproofing: Soundproofing measures how well an insulation material can reduce noise levels. Insulation materials with a high soundproofing rating can help to create a more peaceful and comfortable home.

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Primary Home Insulation Types

Fiberglass: Fiberglass is the most common type of insulation used in homes. It is made from thin glass fibers that are bonded together with a resin. Fiberglass insulation is relatively inexpensive and easy to install, but it can be irritating to the skin and eyes.

Cellulose: Cellulose insulation is made from recycled paper products, such as newspapers and cardboard. It is a good choice for homeowners who are looking for a non-toxic and environmentally friendly insulation option. Cellulose insulation is also relatively inexpensive, but it can be more difficult to install than fiberglass insulation.

Mineral wool: Mineral wool insulation is made from natural materials, such as rock or slag. It is a good choice for homeowners who are looking for a fire-resistant and soundproofing insulation option. Mineral wool insulation is more expensive than fiberglass or cellulose insulation, but it is also more durable and long-lasting.

Spray foam: Spray foam insulation is the most effective type of insulation available. It is made from a mixture of chemicals that are sprayed onto surfaces to form a seamless barrier. Spray foam insulation is very good at sealing air leaks and preventing heat loss. However, it is also the most expensive type of insulation and can be difficult to install.

Rigid foam: Rigid foam insulation is made from a variety of materials, such as polystyrene, polyurethane, and polyisocyanurate. It is a good choice for insulating walls, floors, and roofs. Rigid foam insulation is relatively inexpensive and easy to install, but it is not as effective at sealing air leaks as spray foam insulation.

Spray wool: Spray wool is a type of insulation made from molten rock or wool that is sprayed on surfaces to form a seamless barrier. It has a number of advantages over other types of insulation, including:

• High R-value: Spray wool has an R-value of >4 per inch. This means that it provides excellent thermal insulation, helping to keep your home cool in the summer and warm in the winter.

• Airtightness: Spray wool forms a continuous seal, preventing air leaks from occurring. This can help to improve energy efficiency and reduce drafts.

• Fire resistance: Spray wool is non-combustible and has a high melting point, making it an excellent choice for fire protection.

• Soundproofing: Spray wool can also help to reduce noise levels, making your home more peaceful and comfortable.

• Wool is naturally mold-resistant

Factors to Consider When Choosing Insulation

There are several factors to consider when choosing insulation for your home, including:

Climate: The type of insulation you choose will depend on the climate you live in. If you live in a cold climate, you will need insulation with a high R-value. The R-value of an insulation material measures its resistance to heat flow. The higher the R-value, the better the insulation.

Budget: Insulation costs can vary depending on the type of insulation you choose and the amount of insulation you need. Fiberglass and cellulose insulation are the least expensive types of insulation, while spray foam insulation is the most expensive.

Fire resistance: If you live in an area with a high risk of wildfires, you may want to choose an insulation material with a high fire resistance rating. Spray wool and mineral wool insulation have high fire resistance ratings.

Soundproofing: If you are concerned about noise levels, you may want to choose an insulation material with a high soundproofing rating. Mineral wool and spray wool insulation have high soundproofing ratings.

Comparison Breakdown

The following table provides a comparison breakdown of the primary forms of insulation, including spray wool:

Insulation Type | R-Value per Inch | Fire Resistance | Air Sealing | Soundproofing | Average Cost

Fiberglass | 3.1-4.3 | Good | Good | Fair | $0.50-$0.90

Cellulose | 3.7-3.8 | Good | Good | Good | $0.60-$1.00

Mineral Wool | 3.2-4.3 | Good | Good | Good | $0.70-$1.10

Spray Foam | 6.5-7 | Excellent | Excellent | Fair | $1.20-$2.00 Rigid Foam | 4.1-7 | Excellent | Excellent | Fair | $1.00-$1.50

Spray Wool | 4.3 | Excellent | Excellent | Good | $0.90-$1.50

Non-Toxic Home Insulation Recommendations

If you are looking for non-toxic insulation, mineral wool and spray wool are good options! Both materials are made from natural materials, are renewable and sustainable, and do not contain any added chemicals or flame retardants.

Mineral wool is more budget-friendly while still remaining non-toxic and effective. Spray wool is a good choice for homeowners who are looking for the most effective insulation possible. However, both options are traditionally less expensive than spray foam.

Conclusion

The best type of insulation for your home is a personal decision that depends on your budget, climate, and specific needs. However, if it were up to us, we would choose between the spray-on options for rock wool and sheep’s wool. Some brands to consider are Havelock, American Rockwool, and Oregon Sheppard.

Here’s to having healthier homes!

P.S. Looking for more non-toxic home-building materials? Check out this blog post on plywood and download “10 Non-Toxic Swaps For Your Custom Home”!