Non-Toxic Home-Building: Plywood Edition
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Welcome back to our continued series on non-toxic home-building! This week we are focusing on a longtime staple in the realm of construction materials: plywood. In the quest for a non-toxic home, it's essential to delve into the world of plywood, considering its uses, the prevalence of OSB (Oriented Strand Board), the potential dangers of off-gassing, and how to make choices that align with your health-conscious goals.
Uses of Plywood in Home Construction
Plywood is a versatile material, often employed in sheathing, flooring, and roofing. Its layers of thin wood veneers glued together create a robust and durable panel, providing structural integrity to various elements of your home.
OSB vs. Plywood: A Shift in Preference for a Non-Toxic Home
In recent years, Oriented Strand Board (OSB) has gained popularity as a substitute for plywood. However, it's crucial to acknowledge that OSB might not be the healthiest choice due to concerns related to off-gassing and toxicity.
Dangers of OSB and the Importance of Structurally Approved Plywood
OSB, while structurally sound, can pose risks in terms of off-gassing. Off-gassing is the release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and in the case of OSB, formaldehyde is a key player. To ensure a healthier living space, opting for structurally approved plywood for sheathing becomes paramount.
Why emphasize structurally approved? Soy-based glues and bamboo forms of plywood are growing in popularity as the more health and environmentally-conscious options. However, these types are not structurally approved for sheathing, decking, flooring, etc. They are best used for furniture and cabinets. Make sure to use plywood approved for external and structural use for a long-lasting, durable home.
Understanding Urea Formaldehyde vs. Phenol Formaldehyde
Plywood and OSB contain adhesives, and understanding the types of adhesives used is crucial. Urea formaldehyde, a common adhesive, can release formaldehyde over time. In contrast, phenol formaldehyde is a safer alternative, known for lower emissions.
Recommended Brands of Non-Toxic Plywood
Selecting the right plywood involves considering not just the material but also the brand. Some reputable brands prioritize non-toxicity and sustainability. Researching and choosing wisely can align your construction with your commitment to a healthier home.
Both Weyerhaeuser and Roseburg manufacture plywood with phenol formaldehyde which can be purchased locally from lumber yards.
Warm and Humid Climates: A Challenge for Plywood Off-Gassing
Warm and humid climates can accelerate formaldehyde off-gassing from plywood. This is particularly relevant in our South Texas climate. The combination of higher temperatures and humidity levels facilitates chemical reactions, leading to the breakdown of formaldehyde molecules and their release into the air. In such conditions, the wood fibers in the plywood may swell, creating spaces for formaldehyde to escape more easily.
Tips to Minimize Off-Gassing in Warm and Humid Climates:
Ventilation: Ensure proper ventilation by opening windows and doors to allow fresh air circulation.
Acclimation: Allow plywood to acclimate to the climate before use by storing it in the installation environment for several weeks.
Sealing: Apply a sealant or paint to the plywood to create a barrier, preventing formaldehyde from evaporating into the air. (Make sure the sealant is low-VOC!)
By incorporating these tips into your construction plans, you're taking proactive steps to reduce off-gassing, creating a healthier indoor environment for you and your family. Every choice in construction contributes to the overall well-being of your home.
If you walk away with nothing else from this blog, remember this- use plywood made with phenol-formaldehyde and VENTILATE.
P.S. Looking for more non-toxic home-building materials? Check out this blog post on glues and adhesives and download “10 Non-Toxic Swaps For Your Custom Home”!
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